![]() in politics, science, arts or literature or some kinds of activities in those. Justifications are frequently the exercise of official duties like statements during trial and the scope of civil rights and liberties, which notably includes freedom of speech e.g. The act of expression has to be communicated to either the victim or a third person. This is only brought into question when the offensive or insulting quality of, for example, a statement has remained sufficiently unclear. On the subjective side, the commission requires an intent to insult the victim, sometimes called "contemptuous intent". On the objective side, the means of expression can be a spoken, written or symbolic statement, a gesture, picture, other content like a video or non-violent assault that is regarded as offensive or injurious to honor. In the democratic states of East Asia, it is found to be credit or reputation, presumably in the sense or notion of honorability. Cross-culturally and widely cited are honor or dignity as legal goods harmed but others named are esteem, consideration or, rather anachronistically, even decor.
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